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The Romans adopted the use of the sundial primarily from the Greeks. The Greek civilization made significant advancements in the development of timekeeping devices, including sundials, which were utilized to measure time by observing the position of the sun's shadow. The Greeks introduced the concept of using a flat surface with a gnomon (a vertical stick) to create shadows that indicated the time of day.

When the Romans came into contact with Greek culture, they embraced many of its innovations, including the sundial. The Romans enhanced the design and use of sundials in their own society, utilizing them in public spaces, such as forums, as part of the broader cultural and technological exchange between these two influential civilizations.

While other cultures, such as the Egyptians and the Mesopotamians, had their own methods of timekeeping, the direct influence and refinement of the sundial in Roman culture can be traced back to the practices established by the Greeks.